BOLIGEE, Ala. � Green lights flickered on the wireless router in Barbara Williams� kitchen. Just one bar lit up � a weak signal connecting her to the world beyond her home in the Alabama Black Belt.
Next to the router sat medications, vitamin D pills, and Williams� blood glucose monitor kit.
kAm“x 92G6?’E FD65 E92E E9:?8 :? 2 >@?E9 @C D@[� D2:5 (:==:2>D[ fa[ H2G:?8 E@H2C5 E96 <:E] s:28?@D65 H:E9 5:236E6D >@C6 E92? D:I J62CD 28@[ D96 92D 56G6=@A65 ?6CG6 A2:? 7C@> ?6FC@A2E9J :? 3@E9 =68D]k^Am
kAm(:==:2>D :D @?6 @7 ?62C=J b >:==:@? p>6C:42?D H9@ =:G6 :? >@DE=J CFC2= 4@F?E:6D E92E =24< 3@E9 962=E9 42C6 2?5 C6=:23=6 9:89\DA665 :?E6C?6E[ 244@C5:?8 E@ 2? 2?2=JD:D 3J zuu w62=E9 }6HD[ H9:49 D9@H65 E92E E96D6 A6@A=6 E6?5 E@ =:G6 D:4<6C 2?5 5:6 J@F?86C E92? @E96CD :? p>6C:42]k^Am
kAmr@>A2C65 H:E9 E9@D6 :? @E96C C68:@?D[ A2E:6?ED 24C@DD E96 CFC2= $@FE9[ pAA2=249:2[ 2?5 C6>@E6 (6DE 2C6 >@DE @7E6? F?23=6 E@ >2<6 2 G:56@ 42== E@ E96:C 5@4E@C @C =@8 :?E@ E96:C A2E:6?E A@CE2=D] q@E9 2C6 6DD6?E:2= H2JD E@ A2CE:4:A2E6 :? E96 &]$] >65:42= DJDE6>] p?5 (:==:2>D :D 2>@?8 E9@D6 H9@ 42? 5@ ?6:E96C]k^Am
kAm%9:D J62C[ >@C6 E92? Sca 3:==:@? 2==@42E65 :? E96 a_a` x?7C2DECF4EFC6 x?G6DE>6?E 2?5 y@3D p4E :D 6IA64E65 E@ 368:? 7=@H:?8 E@ DE2E6D 2D A2CE @7 2 ?2E:@?2= “x?E6C?6E 7@C p==� :?:E:2E:G6 =2F?4965 3J E96 q:56? 25>:?:DEC2E:@?] qFE E96 AC@8C2> 7246D F?46CE2:?EJ 27E6C r@>>6C46 s6A2CE>6?E $64C6E2CJ w@H2C5 {FE?:4< =2DE H66< 2??@F?465 2 “C:8@C@FD C6G:6H� 2DD6CE:?8 E92E E96 AC6G:@FD 25>:?:DEC2E:@?’D 2AAC@249 H2D 7F== @7 “H@<6 >2?52E6D]”k^Am
kAmw:89 C2E6D @7 49C@?:4 :==?6DD 2?5 9:DE@C:42= :?6BF:E:6D 2C6 92==>2C<D @7 >2?J @7 E96 >@C6 E92? a__ &]$] 4@F?E:6D H:E9 A@@C D6CG:46D E92E zuu w62=E9 }6HD :56?E:7:65] s@K6?D @7 5@4E@CD[ 24256>:4D[ 2?5 25G@42E6D :?E6CG:6H65 7@C E9:D 2CE:4=6 F?2?:>@FD=J 28C665 E92E =:>:E65 :?E6C?6E D6CG:46 9:?56CD >65:42= 42C6 2?5 2446DD]k^Am
kAm(:E9@FE 72DE[ C6=:23=6 3C@2532?5[ �2== H6’C6 8@:?8 E@ 5@ :D H:56? 962=E9 42C6 5:DA2C:E:6D H:E9:? E6=6>65:4:?6[� D2:5 #2D9>: |F==FC[ 2? 6?5@4C:?@=@8:DE 2?5 49:67 @7 E6=6962=E9 2E 'p vC62E6C {@D p?86=6D] !2E:6?ED H:E9 5:236E6D H9@ 2=D@ FD6 E6=6>65:4:?6 2C6 >@C6 =:<6=J E@ 86E 42C6 2?5 4@?EC@= E96:C 3=@@5 DF82C[ |F==FC 7@F?5]k^Am
kAms:236E6D C6BF:C6D 4@?DE2?E >2?286>6?E] {67E F?EC62E65[ F?4@?EC@==65 3=@@5 DF82C 42? 42FD6 3=:?5?6DD[ <:5?6J 72:=FC6[ ?6CG6 52>286[ 2?5 6G6?EF2==J 562E9]k^Am
kAm(:==:2>D[ H9@ D66D 2 ?FCD6 AC24E:E:@?6C 2E E96 4@F?EJ 9@DA:E2= :? E96 ?6IE E@H?[ D2:5 D96 :D ?@E :?E6C6DE65 :? FD:?8 C6>@E6 A2E:6?E >@?:E@C:?8 @C G:56@ 42==D]k^Am
kAm“x <?@H 9@H >J DF82C 27764ED >6[� (:==:2>D D2:5] “x 86E 2 96252496 :7 :E’D E@@ 9:89]� $96 86ED H62<6C H96? :E’D 5@H?[ D96 D2:5[ 2?5 2=H2JD 42CC:6D D?24<D =:<6 4C24<6CD @C A6AA6C>:?ED]k^Am
kAm(:==:2>D D2:5 D96 4@F=5 6G6? 5C:?< 2 D@52 A@A � @C2?86[ 8C2A6 � H96? 96C DF82C :D =@H 3FE H@F=5 ?@E 5C:?< @?6 H96? D96 76=E :E H2D 9:89 3642FD6 D96 H@F=5 86E �<:?5 @7 8@@K:6\H@@KJ]”k^Am
k9cm�%9:D :D p>6C:42’k^9cm
kAmr@??64E:G:EJ 5625 K@?6D A6CD:DE :? p>6C:42? =:76 56DA:E6 2E =62DE S``d 3:==:@? =2H>2<6CD 92G6 E9C@H? E@H2C5 7:I:?8 E96 :?6BF:E:6D] u656C2= 3C@2532?5 677@CED 2C6 7C28>6?E65 2?5 @G6C=2AA:?8[ H:E9 >@C6 E92? `bb 7F?5:?8 AC@8C2>D 25>:?:DE6C65 3J `d 286?4:6D[ 244@C5:?8 E@ 2 a_ab 7656C2= C6A@CE]k^Am
kAm�%9:D :D p>6C:42] xE’D ?@E DFAA@D65 E@ 36 E9:D H2J[� D2:5 z2CE9:< v2?6D9[ 49:67 6I64FE:G6 @7 %2>A2[ u=@C:52\32D65 ~?|65[ 2 E6=6962=E9 4@>A2?J E92E :? $6AE6>36C :?DE2==65 2 H2=<\:? 3@@E9 2E E96 q@=:866 r@>>F?:EJ r6?E6C 23@FE `_ >:?FE6D 7C@> (:==:2>D� 9@>6] #6D:56?ED 42? 42== FA 7C66 =:76\D:K6 G:56@ 4@?DF=E2E:@?D H:E9 2? ~?|65 962=E9 42C6 AC@G:56C 2?5 FD6 6BF:A>6?E E@ 4964< E96:C H6:89E 2?5 3=@@5 AC6DDFC6]k^Am
kAm~?|65[ H9:49 A2CE?6C65 H:E9 =@42= F?:G6CD:E:6D 2?5 E96 p=232>2 r@@A6C2E:G6 tIE6?D:@? $JDE6>[ C6=:6D @? $A246)’D $E2C=:?< E@ AC@G:56 2 9:89\DA665 4@??64E:@? :? =:6F @7 @E96C @AE:@?D]k^Am
kAmp D9@CE 5C:G6 7C@> E96 4@>>F?:EJ 46?E6C[ 36J@?5 q@=:866’D |2:? $EC66E H:E9 :ED 56D6CE65 3F:=5:?8D 2?5 2? 6>AEJ C2:=C@25 56A@E 2?5 5@H? 2 =@?8 8C2G6= 5C:G6[ :D E96 aa\24C6 AC@A6CEJ H96C6 (:==:2>D =:G6D]k^Am
kAm{2DE 72==[ (:==:2>D H2D965 2 5:D9 :? 96C <:E496?[ H:E9 :ED F?7@C8:G:?8 =:?@=6F>\E@AA65 4@?4C6E6 7=@@CD] p 76H >@?E9D 62C=:6C[ D96 D2:5[ 2 >2? 2E E96 4@>>F?:EJ 46?E6C D:8?65 96C FA 7@C �5:236E:4 D9@6D� E@ 96=A H:E9 96C D@C6 766E] %96J ?6G6C 2CC:G65]k^Am
kAmpD (:==:2>D DA@<6[ DE62> C@D6 7C@> 2 A@E @7 3@:=:?8 A@E2E@6D @? E96 DE@G6] p?@E96C A2? D:KK=65 H:E9 92>3FC86C DE62<] p?5 @? 2 324< 3FC?6C D:>>6C65 2 >:I @7 '6=G66E2 4966D6[ 5:465 E@>2E@6D[ 2?5 A6AA6CD]k^Am
kAm$96 DA6?E J62CD @? 96C 766E 2D 9625 4@@< 2E 2 5:?6C :? r=6G6=2?5[ ~9:@] %96 @=56DE @7 ?:?6[ (:==:2>D C6EFC?65 E@ 96C 72>:=J 9@>6 :? vC66?6 r@F?EJ >@C6 E92? a_ J62CD 28@ E@ 42C6 7@C 96C >@E96C 2?5 2 D:DE6C[ H9@ 3@E9 5:65 7C@> 42?46C :? E96 324< 365C@@> H96C6 D96 ?@H D=66AD]k^Am
kAm(:==:2>D =@@<65 @FE 2 H:?5@H 2?5 C642==65 H96? E96 =2?5D42A6 H2D 4@G6C65 :? 4@EE@? E92E D96 @?46 96=A65 A:4<] }@H E9C66 9@FD6D DE2?5 :? 2 42C67F==J E6?565 4=62C:?8 DFCC@F?565 3J E2== EC66D] ~?6 36=@?8D E@ 2 3C@E96C 2?5 E96 @E96C E@ 2 D:DE6C H9@ 5C:G6D H:E9 96C 52:=J E@ E96 4@>>F?:EJ 46?E6C 7@C 6I6C4:D6[ AC2J6CD[ 2?5 7C:6?5D9:A H:E9 @E96C D6?:@CD]k^Am
kAmp== E96 DFCG:G:?8 D:3=:?8D[ (:==:2>D D2:5[ 92G6 5:236E6D] “x 5@?’E <?@H 9@H H6 3642>6 5:236E:4[� D96 D2:5] }6:E96C @7 E96:C A2C6?ED 925 366? 5:28?@D65 H:E9 E96 :==?6DD]k^Am
kAmx? vC66?6 r@F?EJ[ 2? 6DE:>2E65 BF2CE6C @7 25F=ED 92G6 5:236E6D � EH:46 E96 ?2E:@?2= 2G6C286] %96 4@F?EJ[ H9:49 92D 23@FE f[e__ C6D:56?ED[ 2=D@ 92D 2>@?8 E96 ?2E:@?’D 9:896DE C2E6D 7@C D6G6C2= 49C@?:4 5:D62D6D DF49 2D 9:89 3=@@5 AC6DDFC6[ DEC@<6[ 2?5 @36D:EJ[ r6?E6CD 7@C s:D62D6 r@?EC@= 2?5 !C6G6?E:@? 52E2 D9@HD]k^Am
kAm%96 4@F?EJ’D A@AF=2E:@? :D AC65@>:?2E6=J q=24<] %96 7656C2= rsr C6A@CED E92E q=24< p>6C:42?D 2C6 >@C6 =:<6=J E@ 36 5:28?@D65 H:E9 5:236E6D 2?5 2C6 c_T >@C6 =:<6=J E92? E96:C H9:E6 4@F?E6CA2CED E@ 5:6 7C@> E96 4@?5:E:@?] p?5 :? E96 $@FE9[ CFC2= q=24< C6D:56?ED 2C6 >@C6 =:<6=J E@ =24< 9@>6 :?E6C?6E 2446DD[ 244@C5:?8 E@ E96 y@:?E r6?E6C 7@C !@=:E:42= 2?5 t4@?@>:4 $EF5:6D[ 2 (2D9:?8E@?\32D65 E9:?< E2?<]k^Am
kAm%@ :56?E:7J 4@F?E:6D >@DE =24<:?8 :? C6=:23=6 3C@2532?5 2?5 962=E9 42C6 AC@G:56CD[ zuu w62=E9 }6HD FD65 52E2 7C@> E96 u656C2= r@>>F?:42E:@?D r@>>:DD:@? 2?5 v6@C86 (2D9:?8E@? &?:G6CD:EJ’D |F==2? x?DE:EFE6 7@C w62=E9 (@C<7@C46 tBF:EJ] #6A@CE6CD 2=D@ 2?2=JK65 &]$] r6?DFD qFC62F[ rsr[ 2?5 @E96C 52E2 E@ F?56CDE2?5 E96 962=E9 DE2EFD 2?5 56>@8C2A9:4D @7 E9@D6 4@F?E:6D]k^Am
kAm%96 2?2=JD:D 4@?7:C>D E92E :?E6C?6E 2?5 42C6 82AD 2C6 �9:EE:?8 2C62D @7 6IEC6>6 A@G6CEJ 2?5 9:89 D@4:2= GF=?6C23:=:EJ[� D2:5 r=6D6 tC:<D@?[ 56AFEJ 5:C64E@C @7 E96 962=E9 H@C<7@C46 C6D62C49 46?E6C 2E E96 |F==2? x?DE:EFE6]k^Am
k9cms:8:E2= 92G6D GD] 92G6\?@EDk^9cm
kAmyFDE @G6C 92=7 @7 9@>6D :? vC66?6 r@F?EJ 92G6 2446DD E@ C6=:23=6 9:89\DA665 :?E6C?6E � 2>@?8 E96 =@H6DE C2E6D :? E96 ?2E:@?] vC66?6 r@F?EJ 2=D@ 92D D@>6 @7 E96 4@F?ECJ’D A@@C6DE C6D:56?ED[ H:E9 2 >65:2? 9@FD69@=5 :?4@>6 @7 23@FE Sb`[d__] pG6C286 =:76 6IA64E2?4J :D =6DD E92? fa J62CD[ 36=@H E96 ?2E:@?2= 2G6C286]k^Am
kAmqJ 4@?EC2DE[ E96 zuu w62=E9 }6HD 2?2=JD:D 7@F?5 E92E 4@F?E:6D H:E9 E96 9:896DE C2E6D @7 :?E6C?6E 2446DD 2?5 962=E9 42C6 AC@G:56CD 4@CC6=2E65 H:E9 9:896C =:76 6IA64E2?4J[ =6DD 49C@?:4 5:D62D6[ 2?5 <6J =:76DEJ=6 724E@CD DF49 2D 9:896C :?4@>6D 2?5 65F42E:@? =6G6=D]k^Am
kAm~?6 @7 E9@D6 :D w@H2C5 r@F?EJ[ |2CJ=2?5[ 36EH66? q2=E:>@C6 2?5 (2D9:?8E@?[ s]r][ H96C6 ?62C=J 2== 9@>6D 42? 4@??64E E@ 72DE[ C6=:23=6 :?E6C?6E] %96 >65:2? 9@FD69@=5 :?4@>6 :D 23@FE S`cf[___ 2?5 2G6C286 =:76 6IA64E2?4J :D >@C6 E92? ga J62CD � 2 564256 =@?86C E92? :? vC66?6 r@F?EJ] p >F49 D>2==6C D92C6 @7 C6D:56?ED =:G6 H:E9 49C@?:4 4@?5:E:@?D DF49 2D 5:236E6D]k^Am
kAm~?6 :D fg\J62C\@=5 $2> (:=56CD@?[ 2 C6E:C65 6=64EC:42= 6?8:?66C H9@ 92D >2?2865 9:D %JA6 a 5:236E6D 7@C >@C6 E92? 2 564256] w6 92D 7:36C\@AE:4 :?E6C?6E 2E 9:D 9@>6[ H9:49 :D 2 76H >:=6D 7C@> 2 4276 96 5:?6D 2E 6G6CJ H66< 27E6C q:3=6 DEF5J] ~? 2 C646?E 52J[ E96 4276 925 2 8F6DE (:\u: 5@H?=@25 DA665 @7 `_c >6823:ED A6C D64@?5 2?5 2 `cg |3AD FA=@25 DA665] %96 DA665D 2C6 72DE 6?@F89 7@C C6>@E6 H@C<6CD E@ C6=:23=J E2<6 G:56@ 42==D]k^Am
kAmp>6C:42?D 2C6 56>2?5:?8 >@C6 DA665 E92? 6G6C 367@C6] |@DE 9@FD69@=5D 92G6 >F=E:A=6 56G:46D � E6=6G:D:@?D[ 4@>AFE6CD[ 82>:?8 DJDE6>D[ 5@@C36==D � :? 255:E:@? E@ A9@?6D E92E 42? E2<6 FA 32?5H:5E9] %96 >@C6 56G:46D 4@??64E65[ E96 9:896C >:?:>F> DA665D 2C6 ?66565 E@ <66A 6G6CJE9:?8 CF??:?8 D>@@E9=J]k^Am
kAm%@ >66E :?4C62D:?8 ?665D[ 7656C2= C68F=2E@CD FA52E65 E96 567:?:E:@? @7 3C@2532?5 =2DE J62C[ 6DE23=:D9:?8 DE2?52C5 DA665D @7 `__^a_ |3AD] %9@D6 DA665D 2C6 EJA:42==J 6?@F89 7@C D6G6C2= FD6CD E@ DEC62>[ 3C@HD6[ 5@H?=@25[ 2?5 A=2J 82>6D 2E E96 D2>6 E:>6]k^Am
kAmr9C:DE@A96C p=:[ AC@76DD@C @7 E6=64@>>F?:42E:@?D 2E !6?? $E2E6[ C64@>>6?5D >:?:>F> DE2?52C5 DA665D @7 `__^`__ |3AD] (9:=6 5@H?=@25 DA665D 6?23=6 4@?DF>AE:@?[ DF49 2D DEC62>:?8 @C D9@AA:?8[ 72DE FA=@25 DA665D 2C6 ?646DD2CJ E@ A2CE:4:A2E6 :? G:56@ 42==D[ D2J[ 7@C H@C< @C E6=6962=E9]k^Am
kAmpE E96 4276 :? w@H2C5 r@F?EJ[ @? 2 49:==J >@C?:?8 =2DE 72==[ (:=56CD@? @C56C65 2 8=2DD @7 H9:E6 H:?6 2?5 9:D FDF2=i E9C66\D66565 3C625 H:E9 DA:?249[ 8@2E 4966D6[ D>@<65 D2=>@?[ 2?5 @G6C\62DJ 688D] p7E6C 62E:?8[ (:=56CD@? 96=5 FA 9:D HC:DEi �%9:D H2E49 2==@HD >6 E@ EC24< >J 5:236E6D H:E9@FE AC:4<:?8 >J 7:?86C]”k^Am
kAm(:=56CD@? D2:5 96 H@C<D H:E9 9:D 5@4E@CD[ 766=D J@F?8[ 2?5 6IA64ED E@ =:G6 H6== :?E@ 9:D h_D[ ;FDE 2D 9:D 72E96C 2?5 8C2?572E96C 5:5]k^Am
kAm%6=6962=E9 :D 4CF4:2= 7@C A6@A=6 :? 2C62D H:E9 76H @C ?@ >65:42= AC@G:56CD[ D2:5 #J |2C42EE:=:@[ 2? 2DD@4:2E6 5:C64E@C @7 C6D62C49 2E E96 x?DE:EFE6 7@C {@42= $6=7\#6=:2?46] %96 ?2E:@?2= C6D62C49 2?5 25G@424J 8C@FA H@C<D H:E9 4@>>F?:E:6D @? 3C@2532?5 2446DD 2?5 C6G:6H65 zuu w62=E9 }6HD� 7:?5:?8D]k^Am
kAmw:89\DA665 :?E6C?6E >2<6D :E 62D:6C E@ FD6 G:56@ G:D:ED 7@C >65:42= 4964<FAD[ H9:49 >@DE A2E:6?ED H:E9 5:236E6D ?665 6G6CJ E9C66 >@?E9D]k^Am
kAmq6:?8 4@??64E65 �42? >2<6 2 9F86 5:776C6?46 :? 5:236E6D @FE4@>6D[� D2:5 }6DE@C2D |2E9:@F52<:D[ 2? 6?5@4C:?@=@8:DE 2?5 4@\>65:42= 5:C64E@C @7 y@9?D w@A<:?D |65:4:?6 s:236E6D U2>Aj t5F42E:@? !C@8C2>[ H9@ EC62ED A2E:6?ED :? w@H2C5 r@F?EJ]k^Am
k9cm!2J:?8 >@C6 7@C =6DDk^9cm
kAmpE (:==:2>D� 9@>6 :? p=232>2[ A:4EFC6D @7 96C D:3=:?8D 2?5 E96:C <:5D 4@G6C E96 H2==D @7 E96 92==H2J 2?5 =:G:?8 C@@>] p =2C86[ H@@5\7C2>65 :>286 @7 y6DFD 2E E96 {2DE $FAA6C H:E9 9:D 5:D4:A=6D 92?8D @G6C 96C <:E496? E23=6]k^Am
kAm(:==:2>D D2E 5@H? 2D 96C A@ED D:>>6C65 2?5 D:KK=65] $96 H2D?’E 766=:?8 BF:E6 C:89E] “x 925 2 8=2DD @7 @C2?86 ;F:46 2?5 2 328 @7 A@E2E@ 49:AD[ 2?5 x <?6H E92E H2D?’E 6?@F89 7@C 3C62<72DE[ 3FE x H2D 4@@<:?8[� (:==:2>D D2:5]k^Am
kAmtG6CJ ?:89E (:==:2>D E2<6D 2 A:== E@ 4@?EC@= 96C 5:236E6D] x? E96 >@C?:?8[ :7 D96 766=D 2D :7 96C DF82C :D 5C@AA:?8[ D96 <?@HD D96 ?665D E@ 62E] $@[ E92E >@C?:?8[ D96 =67E E96 C@@> E@ 8C23 2 A6AA6C>:?E[ H2=<:?8 3J E96 7=:4<6C:?8 H:C6=6DD C@FE6C]k^Am
kAm%96 C@FE6C’D 5@H?=@25 2?5 FA=@25 DA665D H6C6 _]_b^_]_d |3AD[ ?62C=J F?FD23=6 3J >@56C? DE2?52C5D] (:==:2>D� 4@??64E:@? @? 96C 9@FD6 A9@?6 42? D@F?5 D4C2E49J[ 2?5 H96? D96 4@??64ED 96C 46==A9@?6 E@ E96 C@FE6C[ :E 5@6D ?@E 2=H2JD H@C<] |@DE 52JD :E’D ;FDE 8@@5 6?@F89 7@C 96C E@ C625 2 52:=J 56G@E:@?2= H63D:E6 2?5 4964< u2463@@<[ E9@F89 E96 DE@C:6D 5@?’E 2=H2JD =@25]k^Am
kAm#FC2= C6D:56?ED =:<6 (:==:2>D A2:5 ?62C=J S`b >@C6 2 >@?E9 @? 2G6C286 :? =2E6 a_a_ 7@C D=@H :?E6C?6E 4@??64E:@?D E92? E9@D6 :? FC32? 2C62D[ 244@C5:?8 E@ qC:2? (9:E24C6[ 2? 28C:4F=EFC2= 64@?@>:4D AC@76DD@C 2E ~<=29@>2 $E2E6 &?:G6CD:EJ]k^Am
kAm�*@F’C6 >@C6 =:<6=J E@ 92G6 4@>A6E:E:@? :? 2? FC32? 2C62[� (9:E24C6 D2:5]k^Am
kAmx? CFC2= p=232>2[ 46==A9@?6 2?5 :?E6C?6E @AE:@?D 2C6 =:>:E65] (:==:2>D A2JD Sd`]ag 2 >@?E9 E@ 96C H:C6=6DD AC@G:56C[ #:?8 !=2?6E[ H9:49 5:5 ?@E C6DA@?5 E@ 42==D 2?5 6>2:=D]k^Am
kAmx? w@H2C5 r@F?EJ[ |2CJ=2?5[ ?2E:@?2= 7:36C\@AE:4 3C@2532?5 AC@G:56C '6C:K@? r@>>F?:42E:@?D 7246D 4@>A6E:E:@? 7C@> r@>42DE[ 2 9J3C:5 7:36C\@AE:4 2?5 423=6 AC@G:56C] '6C:K@? 25G6CE:D6D 2 9@>6 :?E6C?6E A=2? AC@>:D:?8 DA665D @7 b__^b__ |3AD DE2CE:?8 2E Sbd 2 >@?E9 7@C :ED 6I:DE:?8 >@3:=6 4FDE@>6CD] %96 4@>A2?J 2=D@ @776CD 2 5:D4@F?E65 AC:46 2D =@H 2D Sa_ 2 >@?E9 7@C 4FDE@>6CD H9@ A2CE:4:A2E6 :? 46CE2:? 7656C2= 2DD:DE2?46 AC@8C2>D]k^Am
kAm“x?E6C?6E D6CG:46 AC@G:56CD =@@< 2E E96 64@?@>:4D @7 8@:?8 :?E@ D@>6 @7 E96D6 4@>>F?:E:6D 2?5 E96C6 ;FDE :D?’E 6?@F89 AFC492D:?8 A@H6C :? E96:C >:?5D E@ H2CC2?E E96 :?G6DE>6?E[� D2:5 #@DD s6'@=[ 49:67 6I64FE:G6 @7 w62CE=2?5 u@CH2C5[ 2 ?@?A2CE:D2? E9:?< E2?< 32D65 :? q6?E@?G:==6[ pC<2?D2D[ E92E DA64:2=:K6D :? DE2E6 2?5 =@42= 64@?@>:4 56G6=@A>6?E]k^Am
kAmr@?6I@?[ 2 7:36C\@AE:4 423=6 4@?DECF4E:@? 4@>A2?J[ 6DE:>2E6D :E 4@DED Sad[___ A6C >:=6 E@ 3F:=5 23@G6\8C@F?5 7:36C =:?6D @? A@=6D 2?5 Se_[___ E@ Sf_[___ A6C >:=6 E@ 3F:=5 F?56C8C@F?5]k^Am
kAmu@C>6C !C6D:56?E y@6 q:56?’D a_a` :?7C2DECF4EFC6 =2H 62C>2C<65 Sed 3:==:@? H:E9 2 8@2= @7 4@??64E:?8 2== p>6C:42?D E@ 9:89\DA665 :?E6C?6E] |@?6J H2D 56D:8?2E65 E@ 6DE23=:D9 5:8:E2= 6BF:EJ AC@8C2>D 2?5 E@ 96=A =@H\:?4@>6 4FDE@>6CD A2J E96:C :?E6C?6E 3:==D] %96 =2H 2=D@ D6E 2D:56 E6?D @7 3:==:@?D E9C@F89 E96 qC@2532?5 tBF:EJ p446DD 2?5 s6A=@J>6?E !C@8C2>[ <?@H? 2D qtps[ E@ 4@??64E 9@>6D 2?5 3FD:?6DD6D]k^Am
kAm%92E 677@CE AC:@C:E:K6D 7:36C\@AE:4 4@??64E:@?D[ 3FE 7656C2= C68F=2E@CD C646?E=J @FE=:?65 8F:52?46 7@C 2=E6C?2E:G6 E649?@=@8:6D[ :?4=F5:?8 =@H t2CE9 @C3:E D2E6==:E6D =:<6 $A246)’D $E2C=:?< D6CG:46]k^Am
kAmuF?5:?8 E96 FD6 @7 D2E6==:E6D :? 7656C2= 3C@2532?5 AC@8C2>D 92D 366? 4@?EC@G6CD:2= :?D:56 7656C2= 286?4:6D] xE 92D 2=D@ 366? 2 D@C6 A@:?E 7@C t=@? |FD<[ H9@ :D 49:67 6I64FE:G6 @7 $A246)[ H9:49 CF?D $E2C=:?<[ 2?5 :D 2 =625 25G:D6C E@ !C6D:56?E s@?2=5 %CF>A]k^Am
kAmp7E6C AC6=:>:?2CJ 2AAC@G2=[ 2 7656C2= 4@>>:DD:@? CF=65 E92E $E2C=:?<’D D2E6==:E6 DJDE6> H2D �?@E C62D@?23=J 42A23=6� @7 @776C:?8 C6=:23=6 9:89 DA665D] |FD< EH66E65 =2DE J62C E92E E96 4@>>:DD:@? 925 �:==682==J C6G@<65� >@?6J 2H2C565 F?56C E96 286?4J’D %CF>A\6C2 #FC2= s:8:E2= ~AA@CEF?:EJ uF?5]k^Am
kAmx? u63CF2CJ[ %CF>A ?@>:?2E65 pC:6==6 #@E9 E@ =625 E96 7656C2= 286?4J @G6CD66:?8 E96 :?7C2DECF4EFC6 24E’D qtps AC@8C2>] #@E9 :D E6=64@>>F?:42E:@?D A@=:4J 5:C64E@C 7@C E96 $6?2E6 r@>>:EE66 @? r@>>6C46[ $4:6?46[ 2?5 %C2?DA@CE2E:@?] {2DE J62C[ D96 4C:E:4:K65 E96 AC@8C2>’D 6>A92D:D @? 7:36C 2?5 D2:5 :E H2D 36=628F6C65 3J 2 “H@<6 D@4:2= 286?52� H:E9 E@@ >2?J C68F=2E:@?D]k^Am
kAmr@>>6C46 $64C6E2CJ {FE?:4< =2DE H66< D2:5 96 H:== 86E C:5 @7 �3FC56?D@>6 C68F=2E:@?D� 2?5 C6G2>A E96 AC@8C2> E@ “E2<6 2 E649\?6FEC2= 2AAC@249]� #6AF3=:42?D 649@65 9:D A@D:E:@?D 5FC:?8 2 &]$] w@FD6 DF34@>>:EE66 962C:?8 E96 D2>6 52J]k^Am
kAm(96? 2D<65 23@FE A@E6?E:2==J H62<6?:?8 E96 AC@8C2>’D C6BF:C65 =@H\4@DE :?E6C?6E @AE:@?[ 7@C>6C }2E:@?2= %6=64@>>F?:42E:@?D 2?5 x?7@C>2E:@? p5>:?:DEC2E:@? @77:4:2= $2C29 |@CC:D D2:5 DF49 2 492?86 H@F=5 3F:=5 :?E6C?6E 4@??64E:@?D E92E A6@A=6 42?’E 277@C5] tDD6?E:2==J[ D96 D2:5[ E96J H@F=5 36 �3F:=5:?8 3C:586D E@ ?@H96C6[ 3F:=5:?8 ?6EH@C<D E@ ?@ @?6]”k^Am
k9cmV%92E 9FCE’k^9cm
kAm~G6C 2 =F?49 @7 E@CE:==2 49:AD H:E9 E96 D2G@CJ D2F46 E92E 925 366? D:>>6C:?8 @? E96 DE@G6[ (:==:2>D D2:5 D96 925?’E 366? 86EE:?8 C68F=2C 4964<FAD 367@C6 96C 5:236E6D 5:28?@D:D]k^Am
kAm�%@ E6== J@F E96 ECFE9[ :7 x 42? 86E FA 2?5 >@G6 2?5 ?@E9:?8 :D 3@E96C:?8 >6[ x 5@?’E 8@ E@ E96 5@4E@C[� (:==:2>D D2:5] “x�> ;FDE 36:?8 9@?6DE]”k^Am
kAm*62CD 28@[ (:==:2>D C642==65[ �>J 9625 H2D 9FCE:?8 >6 D@ 325 x 925 E@ ;FDE =2J 5@H?] x 4@F=5?’E DE2?5 FA[ H2=<[ @C ?@E9:?8] x�5 86E D@ 5:KKJ]”k^Am
kAm(:==:2>D E9@F89E :E H2D 96C 3=@@5 AC6DDFC6[ 3FE E96 5@4E@C 4964<65 7@C 5:236E6D] “w@H 5:5 E96J <?@Hn x 5@?’E <?@H[� (:==:2>D D2:5]k^Am
kAmpD =F?49 6?565[ D96 AF==65 @FE 96C 8=F4@D6 >@?:E@C] (:==:2>D 4@??64E65 E96 ?665=6 2?5 H:A65 96C 7:?86C H:E9 2? 2=4@9@= A25] %96? D96 AC:4<65 96C 7:?86C]k^Am
kAm“~9[� (:==:2>D D2:5[ DF4<:?8 2:C E9C@F89 96C E66E9] �%92E 9FCE]”k^Am
kAm$96 A=2465 E96 D2>A=6 :? E96 >249:?6[ 2?5 :E BF:4<=J 5:DA=2J65 2 C625:?8 @7 `cd � 2 ?F>36C[ (:==:2>D D2:5[ E92E >62?E D96 ?66565 E@ DE@A 62E:?8]k^Am
kAmllllllllllk^Am
kAmw6C6’D 9@H zuu w62=E9 }6HD 5:5 :ED 2?2=JD:D 7@C E96 “s625 +@?6� D6C:6D[ H9:49 A:?A@:?E65 4@F?E:6D E92E =28 369:?5 E96 C6DE @7 E96 &?:E65 $E2E6D :? 2446DD E@ 3C@2532?5 D6CG:46 2?5 962=E9 42C6 AC@G:56CD]k^Am
kAm%@ :56?E:7J �5625 K@?6D[� zuu w62=E9 }6HD 4@?DF=E65 EH@ >2:? 52E2 D@FC46D]k^Am
kAm� %96 u656C2= r@>>F?:42E:@?D r@>>:DD:@? }2E:@?2= qC@2532?5 |2A H2D FD65 E@ :56?E:7J 3C@2532?5 56D6CED 2D @7 yF?6 a_ac] (6 FD65 E96 urr’D >:?:>F> DA665 DE2?52C5 @7 `__ |3AD 5@H?=@25 2?5 a_ |3AD FA=@25[ 2?5 7@==@H65 :ED 567:?:E:@? @7 C6=:23=6 3C@2532?5i D6CG:46 2446DD:3=6 G:2 H:C65 W7:36C @AE:4D[ 423=6[ s${X @C =:46?D65 7:I65 H:C6=6DD E649?@=@8J] xE’D E96 DE2?52C5 7@C 8C2?ED 2H2C565 E9C@F89 E96 7656C2= qC@2532?5 tBF:EJ[ p446DD[ 2?5 s6A=@J>6?E !C@8C2>[ <?@H? 2D qtps] %96 urr 52E2 D9@HD H96E96C DF49 D6CG:46 :D 2G2:=23=6[ 2?5 ?@E ?646DD2C:=J H96E96C 9@FD69@=5D DF3D4C:36 E@ :E]k^Am
kAm� s2E2 7C@> v6@C86 (2D9:?8E@? &?:G6CD:EJ’D u:EK9F89 |F==2? x?DE:EFE6 7@C w62=E9 (@C<7@C46 tBF:EJ H2D FD65 E@ 56E6C>:?6 4@F?E:6D H:E9 962=E9 AC@G:56C D9@CE286D] v(&’D 52E2 @? AC:>2CJ 42C6 AC@G:56CD W72>:=J 2?5 :?E6C?2= >65:4:?6 5@4E@CD[ A65:2EC:4:2?D[ @3DE6EC:4:2?D 2?5 8J?64@=@8:DED[ A9JD:4:2? 2DD:DE2?ED[ 2?5 ?FCD6 AC24E:E:@?6CDX C67=64ED AC@G:56CD H9@ D6CG6 2E =62DE @?6 A6CD@? 6?C@==65 :? |65:42:5] (6 FD65 E96 >@DE C646?E J62CD 2G2:=23=6i a_a_ 7@C cc DE2E6D[ 2?5 a_`h 52E2 7@C %6I2D] u:G6 DE2E6D � s6=2H2C6[ u=@C:52[ |2:?6[ |:??6D@E2[ 2?5 }6H w2>AD9:C6 � H6C6 6I4=F565 7C@> 2?2=JD:D 3642FD6 E96J =24<65 C6=:23=6 52E2 7@C 6:E96C J62C]k^Am
kAmv(&’D 52E2 7@C 3692G:@C2= 962=E9 AC@G:56CD C67=64ED ADJ49:2EC:DED[ ADJ49@=@8:DED[ 4@F?D6=@CD[ E96C2A:DED[ 2?5 255:4E:@? >65:4:?6 DA64:2=:DED[ C682C5=6DD @7 H96E96C E96:C A2E:6?ED C646:G6 |65:42:5] (6 FD65 52E2 7C@> a_a`[ E96 >@DE C646?E J62C 2G2:=23=6]k^Am
kAm(6 4=2DD:7:65 4@F?E:6D 2D �5625 K@?6D� :7 E96J >6E E96D6 4C:E6C:2ik^Am
kAm� u6H6C E92? f_T @7 9@>6D 925 2446DD E@ 72DE[ C6=:23=6 3C@2532?5]k^Am
kAm� %96J C2?<65 :? E96 3@EE@> E9:C5 @7 |65:42:5 AC:>2CJ 42C6 AC@G:56CD[ 567:?65 2D E96 ?F>36C @7 |65:42:5 6?C@==66D A6C AC@G:56C]k^Am
kAm� %96J C2?<65 :? E96 3@EE@> E9:C5 @7 3692G:@C2= 962=E9 AC@G:56CD[ 567:?65 2D E96 ?F>36C @7 C6D:56?ED A6C AC@G:56C]k^Am
kAmp E@E2= @7 a`_ 4@F?E:6D >6E E9@D6 4C:E6C:2] pE E96 @E96C 6IEC6>6[ H6 567:?65 a_b 4@F?E:6D 2D �>@DE D6CG65� :7 E96J 925 E96 >@DE C6D:56?46D H:E9 3C@2532?5 2446DD W2E =62DE he]fTX 2?5 C2?<65 :? E96 E@A E9:C5 @7 |65:42:5 AC:>2CJ 42C6 2?5 3692G:@C2= 962=E9 AC@G:56C C2E:@D]k^Am
kAm(6 2=D@ 4@>A2C65 E96 962=E9 @FE4@>6D 2?5 56>@8C2A9:4D @7 5625 K@?6 4@F?E:6D C6=2E:G6 E@ @E96CD FD:?8 D6G6C2= 52E2 D@FC46Dik^Am
kAm� &]$] r6?DFD qFC62F[ 7@C 52E2 @? 9@FD69@=5 :?4@>6[ 65F42E:@? =6G6=D[ 2?5 @E96C 56>@8C2A9:4D]k^Am
kAm� r@F?EJ w62=E9 #2?<:?8D U2>Aj #@25>2AD[ A2CE @7 E96 &?:G6CD:EJ @7 (:D4@?D:? !@AF=2E:@? w62=E9 x?DE:EFE6[ 7@C 52E2 @? =:76 6IA64E2?4J 2?5 E96 A6C46?E286 @7 C6D:56?ED =:G:?8 :? CFC2= 2C62D]k^Am
kAm� &]$] r6?E6CD 7@C s:D62D6 r@?EC@= 2?5 !C6G6?E:@?[ 7@C 52E2 @? 5:236E6D[ 9:89 3=@@5 AC6DDFC6[ 2?5 @E96C 49C@?:4 962=E9 4@?5:E:@?D]k^Am